Consumer spending and confidence has taken a hit in England and it seems as though this trend will not be fading in the near future.  It has also been noted that consumers in England are shifting their purchasing habits towards lower-costing and lower quality goods.  In a predictable fashion, consumers are also moving away from non-essential purchases and spending.  A textbook example of this switch can be seen in the shift from dining out at restaurants to increasing consumption of fast food.  Interestingly, English consumers have also cut back on use of private cars, opting for utilizing the many public transportation networks and systems across the country. It would be wise to do a thorough assessment of key target markets in England before entertaining the idea of a new venture there in order to ensure that a demand present.